STD X – STUDY OF COMPOUNDS HYDROGEN CHLORIDE ACID – NEWTON

Preparation of Hydrogen Chloride

Hydrogen chloride is a diatomic molecule, consisting of a hydrogen atom H and a chlorine atom Cl. It was discovered in 1648.

Hydrogen Chloride occurs in a free state in volcanic gases and in gastric juices of mammals.

It is a compound of the elements hydrogen and chlorine.

Molecular formula is HCl and Molecular mass is 36.5

At room temperature, it is a colourless, pungent gas, which forms white fumes of hydrochloric acid upon contact with atmospheric humidity.

It condenses at -85° C (-121° F) and freezes at -114° C (-173° F). The gas is highly soluble in water. Because of its high solubility, the gas fumes in moist air.

 Hydrogen chloride is mostly used in the production of hydrochloric acid. It is useful in the preparation of aqua regia, in the manufacture

Properties and test of Hydrogen Chloride

Hydrogen  Chloride is a Diatomic Molecule which consists of two atoms. It is a compound of the elements hydrogen and chlorine,

Hydrogen Chloride is a colourless, poisonous gas with an unpleasant, acrid odour. It is highly soluble in water and readily soluble in alcohol and ether. It fumes in moist air. It is not flammable, and the liquid is a poor conductor of electricity.

When hydrogen chloride gas is dissolved in water, hydrochloric acid is formed.

Molecular Formula:  HCl

Molecular Mass: 36.5

Bond; Covalent.

Melting Point: -114 deg C

Boiling Point: -85 deg C

Formula weight 36.46

Specific gravity or density 1.2

Flash Point: none

Reaction with ammonia

When a rod dipped in ammonia is brought near vapours of HCl, dense white fumes of ammonium chloride are formed. This is also a confirmatory test for HCl