STD X – ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY – EINSTEIN

Standard Tests

Determination of chemical components of a substance is called analysis of that substance.The analysis can be either Quantitative or Qualitative.

Quantitative analysis involves the determination of the composition of a mixture, whereas, qualitative analysis involves identification of an unknown substance in a mixture.

Identification of unknown substance during the qualitative analysis is done with the help of reagents. Alkalis are the important laboratory reagents.A base that is soluble in water is called an alkali. All alkalis are bases, but all bases are not alkalies.

Action of sodium hydroxide on metal salts

Action of ammonium hydroxide on metal salts

Amphoteric oxides

Metal oxides which react with both acids as well as bases to produce salts and water are known as amphoteric oxides. Amphoteric oxides include lead oxide and zinc oxide, among many others.